<<低谷經歷>>(嚴國洪)

[註：我無意中在網上發現了三篇講解這段經文的講章；他的入手法與我的不同．請參考一下．〕

1. 以利亞叫救命？！
2. 解剖大人物
3. 逃避現實
   
   
   

引言:

1. 工作不滿的 想走的 很多　 <<星島日報>>　25/5/2000 A13版

a)不滿原因:不公平對待員工、不關心／信任／照顧、工作無成就感、公司信譽欠佳

b) 統計 (本港 153人) 亞洲 9 國 1676人中 最差 (3.4) 菲律賓(4.1) 9國平均 (3.7)

高危( - - )	想走被困 ( - )	好感, 可轉 (+)	忠心 得(+ +)
27%	41%	5%	27%
41人	63人	8人	41人

_2. 香港是世界上辦公室壓力最大的地方！[參 東方日報 15/11/94 (二) 第十版]　　

• 3. 工作文化問題:

  1. 功利主義：
  2. 工具主義(人只是工具, 不是人)：
  3. 速效主義(眼前)：
  4. 娛樂主義：

低谷有多種:

1. 犯罪 (一般稱為靈性低潮: 認罪可解決。) 2.其他因素: 本講章 3.成長的過程: 「心靈黑夜」(dark night of the soul) 4.也可以是保衛自己免於某些問題 (defense mechanism) 5. 因為燒盡(Burnout): E.g. Ministry; 4 Stages;

身心靈: [各因素之關係: 在一次講座中發現了。但沒有時間研究和重新整理．]

身体: 1.身体疲乏

心理:

• 2.期望(Expectation) 落空
• 3.頓失方向
• 4.消極思想:
  • a.對己 (不勝任感 / 挫敗)
  • b.對人 (發 怒)

• 5.外在危險: 無安全感-->孤單感---> (4+5) x 自憐 = 低谷 [自憐是自己選擇的.]

(二)解決「低谷的方法」：

• (1) 爭取体息：19:5~8 睡、吃、喝、運動
• (2)接受神 / 人的輔導: (傾訢情緒)：
• (3)等候上帝：

與假先知作戰了一天(18:27 正午; 18:29 晚祭); 跑到耶斯列(送亞哈)：全身濕(下雨)。

[耶斯列是「冬宮」所在地(王上21:1); 是「陪都」(secondary capital) (王上18:44-46)

實例：游泳之後，病（感冒）考試、努力工作、努力事奉。

原因: 睡眠不足, 不正確的飲食 [參Gary R. Collins, X'n Counseling, p.86.]

[Other Physical-Genetic factors: effects of drugs, low blood sugar and other chemical malfunctioning, brain tumors, or glandular disorders, are complicated ones.]

Depression may be related to the hypothalamus. (腦下垂體 )

(2) 祈望落空：

三年不下雨(現在下雨)反映神願開恩；加上迦密山大勝(假先知 全被殺)亞哈改變，也有得好印象！復興可期！但現在卻得到自己被追殺 ，什麼復興也沒有。 (19:4 不勝於列祖，19:14以色列人違約。)

人看重「果效」，特別是短期果效！　　　

(3) 失去方向：

被事務所困；時間運用不足；為「事」而生活→失去方向。 沒有紀律的生活：大情大性的性格，性急者

i) 被困難所嚇怕：沒法看到前景，對前景無信心。Fear --> Phobia

ii) 為生活忙；忘記了主的使命及要求。 主耶穌的比喻 (野地的花)

(4)消極思想

[Negative Thinking 參Gary R. Collins, X'n Counseling, p.87.]

包括三方面:

• a. 對自己 [feel deficient, inadequate, unworthy, and incapable of performing adequately.]
• b. 世界及生活經驗
• c. 未來 [這段經文沒有這方面]

(a)對自己: 不勝任感 (inadequacy)／有挫敗感 (frustration)：

『我不勝於列祖』：我比某某差，自己不如以往。即自己是失敗者, 有挫敗感也。

(b)對世界及生活經驗 : 憤怒：

→對別人的不滿。

∼我太熱心。他指責以色列人背約、毀壇、殺先知。(只剩下我一個人敬拜神！)對於迦密山下殺假先知事件，他可以馬上用「百姓多變」作解釋，不然為什麼現在追殺我。(他忘記只是耶洗別的工作)。

這些人的特徵：自視靈命好。別人的過失一看便發怒。不肯用包容的角度 去觀察別人。甚至有時衝動地譴責別人，以自己的觀點去衡量別人。例：人可以批評某部工作，而忽略自己正在那一部，工作不好正是自己的責任。

或者「不在其位，可以亂批」。小心自己審判別人。不在那個岡位，最易指出甚麼，甚麼不對。但如果你身在其位，就知困難。加上身份變，心態變。例：團契職員。 團友(不委身)→職員(批評不投入)→團友(回復舊況)要自己認罪，時常委身→生命特質；不要用岡位逼，才努力！

今天香港的工作不安全: 政府也沒有『鐵飯碗』了。

(4+5)x 自憐(self-pity) = 低谷 [自憐是自己選擇的.] [Some treat it as a sin; warning signs]

(a) 無安全感：19:10,14 『他們還要尋索我的命』。

他竟然擔心自己生命的安危 以致要逃命!　

(b) 孤單自憐：19:10,14 『只剩下我一個人』。

他的注意力改變了：神(迦密大 勝)→眼前光景(短視)→孤單→自憐。 沉鬱 = (孤單 + 忿怒) x 自憐。 孤單是一種心理狀況，不是物理狀況(獨處)。一個人不等如孤單。被人環 繞也可以感到孤單。他放下僕人，以致他更孤單。

[沮喪的人,體內有兩種物質會特別少: Serotonin 和 Norepinephrine。而胰化氨基酸(Tryptophan)、酥氨基酸(Tyrosine)和笨氨基酸(Phenylalaine)等，都是可以提升以上兩種物質的。 (牛奶、大部份肉和蛋)。有這兩種物質,可改善沮喪情況。

From http://www.biopsychiatry.com/serotonin.htm

The serotonin transporter: a primary target for antidepressant drugs
by
Schloss P, Williams DC
Biochemistry Department,
University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland.
schlossp@mail.tcd.ie
J Psychopharmacol 1998; 12(2):115-21

ABSTRACT
The serotoninergic system is known to modulate mood, emotion, sleep and appetite and thus is implicated in the control of numerous behavioural and physiological functions. Decreased serotoninergic neurotransmission has been proposed to play a key role in the aetiology of depression. The concentration of synaptic serotonin is controlled directly by its reuptake into the pre-synaptic terminal and, thus, drugs blocking serotonin transport have been successfully used for the treatment of depression. In addition to tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs; e.g. imipramine) which also block noradrenaline reuptake, highly specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine and paroxetine have been developed, which are increasingly prescribed for depressed patients. The mode of action of these antidepressant drugs on their direct target, the serotonin transport protein, and possible regulatory mechanisms with respect to long-term alleviation of depression, although having been investigated both neurobiologically and clinically over the last years, are not yet understood. The cloning of the cDNA encoding the serotonin transporter has allowed a more precise characterization of this protein at the molecular level. This will show how antidepressants act at this target, thereby affecting the biochemical, pharmacological and electrophysiological properties of the serotoninergic system and give an introduction of how they might exert their therapeutic effect. This review gives an overview of the recent developments in this field, discusses mechanisms of antidepressant action on this target, and also possible interactions with other components of serotoninergic neurotransmission.

From http://www.biopsychiatry.com/norep.htm

The role of noradrenaline in depression: a review
by
Leonard BE
Pharmacology Department,
University College, Galway, Ireland.
J Psychopharmacol 1997; 11(4 Suppl):S39-47

ABSTRACT
This review summarizes some of the evidence implicating a dysfunction in the noradrenergic system in depression. Whereas the results of studies reporting changes in the concentration of the main noradrenaline metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, are equivocal, changes in adrenoceptor density and function and changes in adrenoceptors associated with the pituitary-adrenal axis function strongly implicate a disorder in central noradrenergic transmission in depression. This dysfunction may be caused by changes in the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of catecholamines. The effect of corticotrophin releasing factor in modulating the activity of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus may provide the link between environmental trigger factors and central noradrenergic dysfunction. At the cellular level, evidence is presented of a link between noradrenaline and glutamate (via the N-methyl-aspartate receptor) and receptors. Such a link may provide a basis for the future development of novel antidepressants.

[參 《香港經濟日報》1997年9月3日(三) 健康．電視表 A34版 “Home Alone孤單沮喪偷襲時”]

Short note:

Essential Amino Acids

TRYPTOPHAN
Note: Tryptophan is not available over the counter. Tryptophan is a natural relaxant, can help alleviate depression, is used in the treatment of migraine headaches, elevates the immune system and works with lysine in reducing cholesterol level.

PHENYLALAINE
Phenylalaine is used by the brain to produce norepinephrine; a chemical that transmits signals between nerve cells and the brain, helps with reflexes and being alert, reduces hunger pains, has antidepressant properties and helps improve memory.

參 泰格．鮑威爾博士及茱�Y．鮑威爾博士合著　<<釋放內心的巨人>>，頁42-43.

1. 維他命: 壓力下會快速消耗体內的維他命B。
2. 運 動: 減少体內累積的壓力酵素 (乳酸鹽（lactate）)。
   1. Factors that Influence the Rate of Lactate Accumulation in the body
      Absolute Exercise Intensity- for reasons mentioned above.
      Training Status of Active Muscles- Higher mitochondrial volume improves capacity for oxidative metabolism at high glyolytic flux rates. Additionally, improved fatty acid oxidation capacity results in decreased glucose utilization at submaximal exercise intensities. Fat metabolism proceeds via a different pathway than glucose, and lactic acid is not produced. High capillary density improves both oxygen delivery to the mitochondria and washout of waste products from the active muscles.
      Fiber Type Composition- Slow twitch fibers produce less lactate at a given workload than fast twitch fibers, independent of training status.
      Distribution of Workload - A large muscle mass working at a moderate intensity will develop less lactate than a small muscle mass working at a high intensity. For example, the rower must learn to effectively distribute force development among the muscles of the legs back and arms, rather than focusing all of the load on the legs, or the upper body.
      Rate of Blood Lactate Clearance- With training, blood flow to organs such as the liver and kidneys decreases less at any given exercise workload, due to decreased sympathetic stimulation. This results in increaed lactate removal from the circulatory sytem by these organs.
   2. New research on that shows different results
      
3. 放 鬆:
4. 家庭及朋友:

(2)接受神 / 人的輔導: (傾訢情緒)：

19:9下;13下(顯現之後問)「以利亞啊，你在這�塈@甚麼？」 神用了引導反省性的問題 [questions leading to self-reflection] 例: 對亞當說: 『你在那��?』(創3:9) 對該隱說: 『你甚麼發怒呢?』(創4:6) 『你的兄弟亞伯在那��?』(創4:9) 『你作了甚麼事呢? 你兄弟的血有聲音地�埵V我哀告。』 (創4:10)

接受輔導: 傾訴有兩個作用：

(3)等候上帝：

• (1)"fear" for his soul 為生命而害怕；因怕被追殺。 (太危險)→找避難所。
• (2)"pour out" for his soul 傾出靈魂→為尋求能傾吐的。 (太孤單)→找神。

疑點：v.3下到「別是巴」(走了 75 miles)猶太國應安全。約沙法宗教上純正(但約沙法與亞哈和好)。

• (a)改變他的看法─<期望>神不一定要用神蹟→先知不是行神蹟、偉大的事。(施洗約翰─無行神蹟？)
  • •烈風：何約伯 地震：向摩西 火：呼召摩西
  • •微聲：─只發問(v.13)
• (b)指示新工作：─vv.14-17 <方向>
  • •膏立君王 (神審判的工具)
  • •訓練門徒 (以利亞大約用了十年訓練以利沙，他才升天而去。)
  • 應用：
  • 。和一直要有的使命。 向家人、朋友佈道。(新約教會是夫婦多、有小孩和老弱的；但是有愛心和增長的。 例: 上司/下屬的見證。
  • 。你的新事奉。以生命訓練別人。
• (c)提醒他並不是孤單 v.18 <孤單>
  • •七千人