±M ÃD:
¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤¤ ªº Á¿³¹(SPEECH)
¤Þ ¨¥:
¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤¤ªº¤º®e¦³22.5%¬OÁ¿³¹¡C¦]¦¹,¥¦Ì¦b¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¦³¤Q¤À«nªº¦a¦ì¡C
¤À Ãþ:
I.¹ï µS¤Ó¤H ªº
§G¹DÁ¿³¹: 2:1-40; 3:12-26; 4:8-12; 5:29-32; 7:1-53; (10:34-43);
13:15-47.
II.¹ï ¥~¨¹¤H ªº
§G¹DÁ¿³¹: 14:15-18; 17:22-31
III.¹ï¥H¥±©Òªø¦Ñªº§i§OÁ¿³¹: 20:18-35
IV.¦Û ÅG ªº
Á¿ ³¹: 22:1-21; 26:2-23 (11:5-17;
15:7-11, 13-21)
¾ú¥v©Êªº°ÝÃD:
(The historical question) -- ³o¨ÇÁ¿³¹¬O§_©¼±o,¥q´£¤Ï©M«Oùªº¡u¯u¹êÁ¿³¹¡v¡S
¸Ñ:
(1)³o¨ÇÁ¿³¹¬O©¼±o,¥q´£¤Ï©M«Où¡u¯u¹êÁ¿³¹¡vªº·Ç½T°O¿ý¡C
(2)³o¨ÇÁ¿³¹¬O¸ô¥[©Ò¡u³Ð§@¡v¦Ó¦¨¡C¦]¬°,¥þ³¡·®æ²Î¤@¡C
(3)³o¨ÇÁ¿³¹¬O¸ô¥[§ï¼g¤â¤Wªº¸ê®Æ¦Ó¦¨¡C§YÁ¿³¹¬Oì§@,¦ý¸g¸ô¥[¥Î¦Û¤vªº·®æ§ï¼g¡C
¤ä«ù¸Ñ(2)ªº½×¾Ú:
¦¹¥ß³õ¥D®_50¦Ü60¦~¥Nªº·s¬ù¬ã¨s--¥Dn¥Ñ
Martin Dibelius´£¥X¡C1
½×¾Ú¦p¤U:
1.¥j¨åªº§@ªÌ¬O«ö»Ýn¦Ó¥[¤JÁ¿½×(speech)ªº¡C©Ò¥H,Á¿½×¥u¤Ï¬M§@ªÌªº¬Ýªk¡C2
2.Á¿³¹ªº¬[ºc,·®æ©M¥Î¦r(»P¥þ¥»¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç)³£¤Q¤À¬Û¦ü¡C¥i¯à¬O¸ô¥[ªº³Ç§@¡C3
3.Á¿³¹»P¤W¤U¤åªºÃö³s¤Q¤À®z; ¥¦Ì¦ü¥G¤Ó¼sªx¡C(¦¹ÂI¬OÂI2ªº±À½×.)
¤ä«ù¸Ñ(3)ªº½×¾Ú:
½×¾Ú¦p¤U:
I.¹ïµS¤Ó¤Hªº§G¹DÁ¿³¹:(Mission Speeches
to Jews)
¦´Á±Ð·|ªºÁ¿³¹¦³¤@©wªº®æ¦¡¡C®æ¦¡¦p¤U: [°Ñ
C.H.Dodd, The Apostolic Preaching and Its Development, London ,1936.]4
¨Ò¦p: ®{2:12-19; ®{2:22-41; ù1:1-5; ªL«e5:3-8.
1.C¿q¥Í¥ªº§ãn. vv.13-15¤W vv.22-36* vv.3-4 vv.3-5
2.¬ù¸t¸gªº¦LÃÒ. v.15¤U vv.25-28,34 v.2 vv.3,4
3.¨Ï ®{ §@ ¨£ ÃÒ. v.16 v.32 v.5¤W v.5ff
4.¬D ¾Ô ¤H ®¬ §ï. vv.17-19 vv.38-39 v.5¤U ---------
ÃÒ©úªº¨Ò¤l¡G¡Ð¡Ð ®{2:22-41ªºÄÀ¸g:
2:22¥H¦â¦C¤Hþ½ÐÅ¥§Úªº¸Ü¡A¯«Âǵۮ³¼»°Ç¤HC¿q¡A¦b§A̤¤¶¡¬I¦æ²§¯à©_¨Æ¯«ÂÝ¡A±NÍ¢ÃÒ©ú¥X¨Ó¡A³o¬O§A̦ۤvª¾¹Dªº.
2:23Í¢¬J«öµÛ¯«ªº©w¦®¥ý¨£¡A³Q¥æ»P¤H¡A§AÌ´NÂǵ۵Lªk¤§¤Hªº¤â¡A§âÍ¢°v¦b¤Q¦r¬[¤W±þ¤F
2:24¯««o±N¦ºªºµhW¸ÑÄÀ¤F¥sÍ¢´_¬¡¡A¦]¬°Í¢ì¤£¯à³Q¦º©ë¸T
2:25¤j½Ã«üµÛÍ¢»¡¡A§Ú¬Ý¨£¥D±`¦b§Ú²´«eÍ¢¦b§Ú¥kÃä¥s§Ú¤£¦Ü©ó·n°Ê
2:26©Ò¥H¡A§Ú¤ßùØÅw³ß¡A§ÚªºÆF(¦Þ)§Ö¼Ö¡A¨Ã¥B§Úªº¦×¨n¦w©~¦b«ü±æ¤¤
2:27¦]§A¥²¤£±N§ÚªºÆF»îºJ¦b³±¶¡¡A¤]¤£¥s§Aªº¸tªÌ¨£¦´Ãa
2:28§A¤w±N¥Í©Rªº¹D¸ô«ü¥Ü§Ú¡A¥²¥s§Ú¦]¨£§Aªº±(¥s§Ú¦b§A±«e)±oµÛº¡¨¬ªº§Ö¼Ö
2:29§Ì¥SÌ¡A¥ý¯ª¤j½Ãªº¨Æ¡A§Ú¥i¥H©ú©úªº¹ï§AÌ»¡¡A¥L¦º¤F¤]®I¸®¤F¡A¨Ã¥BÍ¢ªº¼X¹Óª½¨ì¤µ¤éÁÙ¦b§Ú̳oùØ
2:30¤j½Ã¬J¬O¥ýª¾¡A¤S¾å±o¯«´¿¦V¥L°_»}¡An±q¥Lªº«á¸Ç¤¤¥ß¤@¦ì§¤¦b¥LªºÄ_®y¤W
2:31´N¿Ý¥ý¬Ý©ú³o¨Æ¡AÁ¿½×°ò·þ´_¬¡»¡¡A¥LªºÆF»î¤£ºJ¦b³±¶¡¡A¥Lªº¦×¨¤]¤£¨£¦´Ãa
2:32³oC¿q¯«¤w¸g¥sÍ¢´_¬¡¤F¡A§Ú̳£¬°³o¨Æ§@¨£ÃÒ
2:33Í¢¬J³Q¯«ªº¥k¤â°ªÁ|(Í¢¬J°ªÁ|¦b¯«ªº¥kÃä)¡A¤S±q¤÷¨ü¤F©ÒÀ³³\ªº¸tÆF¡A´N§â§A̩Ҭݨ£©ÒÅ¥¨£ªº¡A¼åÄé¤U¨Ó
2:34¤j½Ã¨Ã¨S¦³¤É¨ì¤Ñ¤W¡A¦ý¦Û¤v»¡¡A¥D¹ï§Ú¥D»¡¡A§A§¤¦b§Úªº¥kÃä
2:35µ¥§Ú¨Ï§A¤³¼Ä§@§Aªº¸}¹¹
2:36¬G¦¹¡A¥H¦â¦C¥þ®a·í½T¹êªºª¾¹D¡A§AÌ°v¦b¤Q¦r¬[¤Wªº³o¦ìC¿q¡A¯«¤w¸g¥ßÍ¢¬°¥D¬°°ò·þ¤F.
2:37²³¤HÅ¥¨£³o¸Ü¡Aı±o¤ã¤ß¡A´N¹ï©¼±o©M¨ä¾lªº¨Ï®{»¡¡A§Ì¥ŞÚÌ·í«ç¼Ë¦æ
2:38©¼±o»¡§A̦U¤Hn®¬§ï¡A©^C¿q°ò·þªº¦W¨ü¬~¡A¥s§A̪º¸o±o³j¡A´N¥²»â¨ü©Ò½çªº¸tÆF
2:39¦]¬°³oÀ³³\¬Oµ¹§AÌ©M§A̪º¨à¤k¡A¨Ã¤@¤Á¦b»·¤èªº¤H¡A´N¬O¥D§Ú̳`©Ò¥l¨Óªº
A.®æ¦¡:
1.C¿q¥Í¥ªº§ãn. vv.22-24 (C¿qªº¦º) vv.29-33 (C¿qªº´_¬¡)
2.¬ù¸t¸gªº¦LÃÒ. vv.25-28 ¤Þ¥Î¸Ö16 vv.34-36 ¸Ö16ªº¸ÑÄÀ¥H¤W¨âÂI¥æ¿ù¥X²{,¦Ó¥BC¿q¥Í¥±j½Õ¥Lªº¦º©M´_¬¡;¤]¦³´£¥Lªº¯«ÂÝ¡C
C¿q¥Í¥¬O¯«ªº°Ê¤u,©Ò¥H±Ð·|¬O¬ùªº©µÄò¡C3.¨Ï ®{ §@ ¨£ ÃÒ. v.32
4.¬D ¾Ô ¤H ®¬ §ï. vv.38-39
B.ÄÀ¸g:
1.vv.22-24 C¿q¥Í¥¬O¯«ªº°Ê¤u
v.22¡u®³¼»°Ç¤HC¿q¡v(Nazoraios)
¹ï¤ñ ¤Ó2:23 ¡u®³¼»°ÇªºC¿q¡v(Nazarenos)
-->from Nazareth.(¸ô4:34)
©Ò¥H,(Nazoraios)À³¦³¯S§O·N¸q: ¥i¯à¦³¥H¤U¨âºØ:
(a) ¤h13:5-7 -- ¹³¡u®³²Ó¦Õ¤H¡v(Nazirites) --> ³QºÙ¬° "holy".
°Ñ¥i1:24 C¿q³QºÙ¬°¡u¯«ªº¸tªÌ¡v(Holy one)¡@
¦]¦¹, C¿q¬O³Q¯«¥Î¯S§O¤èªk¦¨¬°¸t¼äªº¡C
¡@ ®zÂI:C¿q¨Ã«D¹LµÛ®³²Ó¦Õ¤Hªº¥Í¬¡¡C(¥i11:18-19¥L¬O´÷°sªº)
(b) ÁÉ11:1 -- ¦³À±ÁɨȪº§t·N¡C
nsr: nazar (shoot) ---> nozri (branch)ªK¤l
nazoraios (¦P¬O nzr)
¡@ ®zÂI:ŪªÌ¥²¶·¦³§Æ§B¨Ó¤åªºI´º¡C
¡u±N¥LÃÒ©ú¥X¨Ó¡v(andra apodedeigmevon; a man attested to
you)
¤£À³¥Î¡u¾i¤l½×¡v¤è¦¡¸ÑÄÀ¡C(ebjoinitic way) 5
µù5:¡u¾i¤l½×¡v ¬O«üC¿qì«D¯«ªº¨à¤l,¬O¦b¨ü¬~®É³Q¯«¦¬¾i(adoption)
¦¨¬°¯«ªº¨à¤l¡C¦ý¸ô1:35 «ü©ú¥X¥Í®É,«K¬O¯«ªº¨à¤l¡C
§Æþ¤å°Êµü(apodeiknymi)¸Ñ§@:¡uÃÒ³\,Åã¥Ü,¦LÃÒ¡v(®{25:7)
¯«ÂÇC¿q¨Ó¦æ¯«ÂÝ,¥HÅã©úÍ¢±µ¯ÇC¿qªº¨Æ¤u:¯«ÂݬO¯«¹Å³\ªºªí°O¡C
(®{5:12; 14:3; 19:11)¡C¥t°Ñ®{10:38 ¥H¹ï¤ñ¯«Âݦb¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤¤ªº¨¤¦â¡C
v.22 ³o¨Ç¯«¹Å³\ªºªí°O¬O¬°µS¤Ó¤H¦Ó§@ªº¡C¥¿¬O¥L̦ۤvªº¯«ÂÇC¿q¦Ó§@¤u¡C
¥LÌ©M¦C¯ªªº¯«¦b¥Ḻ«eÅã©ú¥L̪º¤£«H: ¬O¤@Ó·t¥Üªº«ü±±¡C¹w³Æ
¦b37¸`ªºÁ¿½×¡C
v.23 §@ª½±µªº«ü±±:¡y§A̱þ¤F¥L¡z(aneilate)
µù:ì¤å¬O²Ä¤G¨²³¼Æ(2nd pl)
µS¤Ó¤H¬Ont³d¥ôªº,ÁöµMC¿q¬O³Q¥~¨¹¤H©Ò±þ¡C(¡yµLªk¤§¤H¡z§YµL«ßªk¤§
¤H, §Y¥~¨¹¤H¡C¦ý¬O³o«o¬O¡y«öµÛ¯«ªº©w¦®¥ý¨£¡z(¯«ªºp¹º)
¹ï¤ñ3:18
©M13:27¡C
«ä·Q: ¯«ªº¹w©w »P
¤Hªº³d¥ô°ÝÃD: µS¤j¦³¸o¶Ü¡S ²½¥q¦³¸o¶Ü¡S
v.24 »P23¸`¦¨¬°¹ï¤ñ¡C23¸`Á¿¨ìµS¤Ó¤H©Ò°µªº;24¸`Á¿¨ì¯«©Ò°µªº:¡y¦¬¥L´_¬¡¡z
³oºØ¹ï¤ñ¬O¹ï¡uµS¤Ó¤HÁ¿½×¡vªº±`¨£±MÃD(topic): 3:15; 5:30-31;
10:39-
41; 13:26-30¡CµS¤Ó¤H¤£¯à»{¥X¥L̪º±Ï¥D¡C¦]©Úµ´C¿q,¥LÌI¦V¦C¯ªªº
¯«¡C´_¬¡§@¬°¯«ªº¤u§@, ¬OÍ¢¹ïC¿q¤§¦ºªº¦LÃÒ¡C´_¬¡¬O¯«¹ïC¿q²Ä¤G¦¸ªº
¦LÃÒ¡C´_¬¡§@¬°¯«ªº¦LÃÒ¬O·s¬ù¤¤±`¨£ªº¨¤«×: ù4:27;
¥±1:20; (¯«¾Ç¤Wªº
°ò·þ½×)¡C
¬°¬Æ»ò¦º¤£¯à©ë¸TC¿q©O¡S6
¤pµ²:
vv.22-24 ¥Nªí¦b³oÁ¿¹D¤¤ªº©Ò¿×¡uC¿q«H®§¡v(Jesus-kerygma)¡C7
v.25 Ä~Äò¥[¤W¸t¸gªºÃÒ¾Ú¡C§Ú̯à¬Ý¨ì¬Æ»ò©O¡S
2.vv.25-31 ¸t¸gªº¦LÃÒ
8
vv.25-28 ¸t¸gªº¤ÞÃÒ
vv.29-31 ¸ÑÄÀ©ÎÀ³¥Î
C¿q¥Í¥¤§«á,¥[¤W¬ùªº¤Þ¥y,Åã¥ÜC¿qªº¸g¾ú¤£¬O·N¥~,¦Ó¬O«ö·Ó¯«ªºp¹º¡C
vv.25-28 ©¼±o¤Þ¥Î¸Ö16:8-11 (LXX ¸Ö15)¡C©¼±o»{¤j½Ã¦b¦¹¸Ö¤¤¬O¹w¨¥C¿q°ò·þ¡C
27¸`(=10¸`)¤Þ¦Û¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»(LXX)¬O³oùس̫nªºÁ¿½×(saying)¡C¹ï¤ñ
®{13:35¡C
vv.29-31 ©¼±o´£¥X¸Ö16¸g¤åªºì¦]:
¤j½Ã¦º¤F;¦ÓÅ¥²³¤]ª¾¹D¥Lªº¹Ó¦a¡C
¦]¬°¸Ö16:10 (LXX)¬O¥Î ±N¨Ó¦¡(future tense) ©Ò¥H¤j½Ã¥²¬O§O¦³©Ò«ü
¤F¡C(«ü±Ï¥D) ¦b®{13:36-37 «Où¨Ï¥Î¦P¼ËªºÅG½×¤èªk¡C[¸Ö16:10 LXX]
¤j½Ã¬O¥ýª¾:ª¾¹D¥¼¨Ó,ª¾¹D¤@¤Á¡C(¹ï¤ñ ¬ù4:19.36; 21:17)¤j½Ãª¾¹D¯«
¥²«ù¦u¦³ÃöÀ±ÁɨȪºÀ³³\(¼»¤U7:12-26)¡C¤j½Ã¹w¨¥´_¬¡ªºÀ±ÁɨȡC
µù: ¼»¤UªºÀ³³\³Ìªñ«ü©Òùªù,¦Ó»»«üÀ±ÁɨȡC
v.27 = ¸Ö16:10 (MT) : ²{¦b¦¡(present
tense)
¸Ö16:10 (LXX): ±N¨Ó¦¡(future
tense) («ü±Ï¥D)
v.31 = «üC¿q : ¹L¥h¦¡(past tense)
(«ü±Ï¥D=C¿q)
´_¬¡À³Åç¤F¤j½Ãªº¹w¨¥¡C
Related research:
John
J. KILGALLEN Biblica 83 (2002) 71-87
¡¥With many other words¡¦ (Acts 2,40): Theological Assumptions in Peter¡¦s Pentecost Speech
The complete effectiveness of Peter¡¦s
Pentecost speech implies that the Lucan audience, if not that of Peter, knows
at least three assumptions that are needed to make the speech as logically convincing
as possible. These three assumptions are: (1) that Jesus is physically Son of
David; (2) that the kyrios of Ps 110,1 is the Messiah; (3) that only the titles
¡¥Son¡¦ and ¡¥Father¡¦ should be used when describing that it is Jesus who poured
out the Spirit. As for Peter¡¦s audience, the fact that Peter supported his speech
with ¡¥many other words (arguments)¡¦ might argue that his audience were introduced
to these three assumptions. As for Luke¡¦s audience, Luke 1,35 and its context
play a major role in justifying the logic of this Pentecost speech.
ªþ¿ý:<<·s¬ù«ç¼ËÀ³¥Î¬ù>>
10
0.¬è±æªºµo®i: ¬ù --->
·s¬ù¤¤ªº°ò·þ.
1.°ò·þ½×¸ÑÄÀ: ·s¬ù¤¤ªº°ò·þ ¬O
¬ùÀ³Åç.
¨Ò¦p ¸ô24:25-27,44-47:
--¾ã¥þªº¸ÑÄÀ(Holistic Interpretation): ¬O¥þ¥»Â¬ùªº¨¤«×,¦Ó«D¤@¤G¬q¸g¤å¡C
--¦b¬ù¤¤¡u»{¥X¡v°ò·þ.(¹ï¤ñ ®{8:25-35)
--¡uÆF·N¸Ñ¸g¡v(spiritual reading): ¤£¬OÄÀ¸g,¦Ó¬O¯«¶}¤Hªº²´¥Ø,¥HP¯à¬Ý¨£¡C
±q¹w¨¥À³Å窺¨¤«×¥h¬Ý¡C(¹ï¤ñ ®{17:2-3)
2.¬ù¬O¹w¨¥: ù1:2-4.
--¡u¹wªí¸Ñ¸g¡v(typological interpretation) ªL«e10:1-11; ¹w¨¥--->À³Åç¡C9
µùÄÀ
1.Martin Dibelius ¬O§Î¦¡§å§P(Form Criticism)ªº³Ð©l¤H¡C
2.¥L°²³]¸ô¥[¤]³o¼Ë°µ, ¦ý·s¬ùªº§@ªÌ©úÅã¦a¤£¬O³o¼Ë¼g§@ªº¡C
3.¨Ò¦p: ®{15(«OùªºÁ¿³¹)
»P ®{2 (©¼±oªºÁ¿³¹)
4.C.H.Dodd¨ÃµL´£²Ä¤TÂI(¨Ï®{§@¨£ÃÒ),
¦ýÀ³¸Ó¦³¦¹ÂI¡C§Ú«Øij¥]¬A¡u¯«Âݧ@¨£ÃÒ¡v¡C
5:¡u¾i¤l½×¡v ¬O«üC¿qì«D¯«ªº¨à¤l,¬O¦b¨ü¬~®É³Q¯«¦¬¾i(adoption)¦¨¬°¯«ªº¨à¤l¡C¦ý¸ô1:35 «ü©ú¥X¥Í®É,«K¬O¯«ªº¨à¤l¡C §Æþ¤å°Êµü(apodeiknymi)¸Ñ§@:¡uÃÒ³\,Åã¥Ü,¦LÃÒ¡v(®{25:7)¯«ÂÇC¿q¨Ó¦æ¯«ÂÝ,¥HÅã©úÍ¢±µ¯ÇC¿qªº¨Æ¤u:¯«ÂݬO¯«¹Å³\ªºªí°O¡C (®{5:12; 14:3; 19:11)¡C¥t°Ñ®{10:38 ¥H¹ï¤ñ¯«Âݦb¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤¤ªº¨¤¦â¡C
6:¦³¾ÇªÌ»{¬°¸ô¥[¦ü¥G¹ï¡uC¿q¤§¦º¡vªº·N¸q »P «Où¤£¦P¡C
a.¸ô¥[©Ò¼gªº¤£¥Nªí¸ô¥[©Òª¾ªº¡C¦Ó¥B¦´Á±Ð·|¦³«Ü¦h¶Ç²ÎÁ¿¨ì¡uC¿q¤§¦º¡vªº·N¸q¡C
b.¡uC¿q¤§¦º¡v¬O«öµÛ¯«ªºp¹º¡C(®{2:23)
c.¡y¥s..¸o±o³j¡z(®{2:38)¬O±Ï®¦±`¥Îªº¦r¥y¡C
7:Kerygma¬O§Æþ¤å, ¥i¸Ñ§@¡u¨ÏªÌªº¤f°T,«ÅÁ¿
©MÁ¿¹D¡C¡v [¤£À´§Æþ¤åªº¤H¥i°Ñ W.E.Vine
Expository Dictionary of NT Words]
8:ªì´Á±Ð·|¥i¯à¦³¨£ÃÒ¶°(testimonies)°O¿ý¬ù¤¤«nªº¸g¤å¡C¦b©øÄõªÀ¹Î¤¤¤]¦³¦¹ºØ§@«~¡C
9:»PµS¤Ó¤Hªº¤Àª[¬O¦b¸Ñ¸gªº«e³]¤W(presupposition),¦Ó«DÄÀ¸g(exegesis)¡C
10:°ÑRichard Longenecker, BIBLICAL
EXEGESIS IN THE APOSTOLIC PERIOD, (GrandRapids: Eerdmans, 1975) pp.80-89.
©M "Quotations in the NT" ISBE Vol 4 pp. 18-25.